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Indian Classical Music And Sikh Kirtan
by Gobind Singh Mansukhani (M.A., LL.B, Ph.D.) © 1982

Notation
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Notation
Notation is the art of describing musical ideas in written characters or symbols. Though the best was of learning music is from a reputed and qualified teacher, it is not possible for many students to get personal guidance. Some of the students take music examinations in India as private candidates. It is necessary for such students to learn music from books. There are two systems of notation or musicography for Hindustani music. One was devised by Bhatkhande and the other by Paluskar. In this book, I have followed the Bhatkhande system which is the easier of the two. In describing a raga the following information regarding it is given:
a) Thath (parent scale)
b) Jati (class)
c) Aroha (ascent) and avaroha (descent)
d) Vadi (sonant) and samvadi (consonant)
e) Time of play or performance
f) Characteristics
g) Rasa (aesthetic joy or emotion)
h) Pakad (distinguishing notes)

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